Steel Grade Cross Reference
AISI/SAE, UNS, EN and JIS equivalents of 21 common carbon, alloy, tool and stainless steels.
The same steel goes by different names in different countries. A drawing may call for AISI 4140, the supplier lists 42CrMo4 (1.7225), and a Japanese datasheet says SCM440: they are close equivalents. This table matches 21 widely used grades across the AISI/SAE, UNS, European (EN) and Japanese (JIS) systems and gives the type and a typical use.
The table
| AISI / SAE grade | UNS number | European (EN) name | EN number | Japanese (JIS) grade | Type | Typical use |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A36 | K02600 | S275JR (about) | 1.0044 | SS400 | Structural carbon steel | Plate, bar and shapes for frames and brackets |
| 1018 | G10180 | C15E / C16E (about) | 1.1141 | S15C (about) | Low-carbon steel | Shafts, pins, case hardened parts |
| 1020 | G10200 | C22E | 1.1151 | S20C | Low-carbon steel | General machine parts, welded parts |
| 1045 | G10450 | C45E | 1.1191 | S45C | Medium-carbon steel | Shafts, gears, bolts, axles |
| 4140 | G41400 | 42CrMo4 | 1.7225 | SCM440 | Chromium-molybdenum alloy steel | Shafts, gears, tooling, high-strength bolts |
| 4340 | G43400 | 34CrNiMo6 | 1.6582 | SNCM439 | Nickel-chromium-molybdenum alloy steel | Heavy shafts, aircraft parts, high toughness |
| 8620 | G86200 | 20NiCrMo2-2 | 1.6523 | SNCM220 | Case hardening alloy steel | Gears and shafts carburized for a hard surface |
| 52100 | G52986 | 100Cr6 | 1.3505 | SUJ2 | High-carbon chromium bearing steel | Ball and roller bearings |
| O1 | T31501 | 90MnCrV8 | 1.2842 | SKS3 (about) | Oil-hardening tool steel | Dies, punches, knives, gauges |
| A2 | T30102 | X100CrMoV5 | 1.2363 | SKD12 | Air-hardening tool steel | Dies and punches that must keep their size |
| D2 | T30402 | X153CrMoV12 | 1.2379 | SKD11 | High-carbon, high-chromium tool steel | Long-wearing dies, shear blades |
| H13 | T20813 | X40CrMoV5-1 | 1.2344 | SKD61 | Hot-work tool steel | Die-casting and extrusion dies |
| M2 | T11302 | HS6-5-2C | 1.3343 | SKH51 | High-speed steel | Drills, taps, cutters |
| 304 | S30400 | X5CrNi18-10 | 1.4301 | SUS304 | Austenitic stainless | Food equipment, tanks, general corrosion resistance |
| 304L | S30403 | X2CrNi18-9 | 1.4307 | SUS304L | Austenitic stainless, low carbon | Welded stainless fabrications |
| 316 | S31600 | X5CrNiMo17-12-2 | 1.4401 | SUS316 | Austenitic stainless with molybdenum | Marine, chemical and pharmaceutical equipment |
| 316L | S31603 | X2CrNiMo17-12-2 | 1.4404 | SUS316L | Austenitic stainless, low carbon | Welded parts in chlorides |
| 303 | S30300 | X8CrNiS18-9 | 1.4305 | SUS303 | Free-machining stainless | Screw-machine parts, fittings |
| 410 | S41000 | X12Cr13 | 1.4006 | SUS410 | Martensitic stainless | Hardenable shafts, valve parts, cutlery |
| 430 | S43000 | X6Cr17 | 1.4016 | SUS430 | Ferritic stainless | Appliance trim, decorative parts |
| 17-4 PH | S17400 | X5CrNiCuNb16-4 | 1.4542 | SUS630 | Precipitation-hardening stainless | High-strength shafts and aerospace parts |
Source and notes: Closest equivalents from AISI/SAE, ASTM/SAE UNS, EN 10027 and JIS designations as given in common cross-reference tables. Grades from different standards are never identical (limits on carbon, manganese, sulfur and residuals differ), so treat a match as "very similar", and check the specification before substituting. "About" marks a looser match.
How to use this table
- Find your grade in any column (the filter box searches every column).
- Read across to the equivalent names in the other systems.
- Confirm the match against the specification before substituting: the limits on carbon, manganese and residual elements are not identical between standards.
Worked example: finding a European equivalent of AISI 4140
- AISI 4140 is UNS G41400.
- The European equivalent is 42CrMo4 (material number 1.7225), and in Japan SCM440.
- It is a chromium-molybdenum alloy steel used for shafts, gears, tooling, high-strength bolts.
Notes and cautions
- Equivalents are “closest”, not “identical”. A grade marked “about” is a looser match.
- Heat-treated condition matters as much as the grade: 4140 is sold annealed, pre-hardened (about 30 HRC) and as quenched-and-tempered bar, with very different strength.
- The stainless and tool-steel grades have their own AISI numbers (304, 316, A2, D2, M2), shown here beside the UNS and EN names.
Related tools and guides
- Steels and Heat Treatment (guide)
- Material Properties Table
- Stainless Steel Grades
- Material Selection, Testing and Failure (guide)
- All reference tables
FAQ
What is the European equivalent of 1045 steel?
C45E (material number 1.1191), and S45C in Japan.
What is the equivalent of 316 stainless?
X5CrNiMo17-12-2 (1.4401) in Europe and SUS316 in Japan. The low-carbon 316L is 1.4404.
Is A36 the same as S235?
No. A36 (250 MPa yield) is closer to S275 (275 MPa) than to S235 (235 MPa).
Sources
- SAE J1086 and ASTM E527 (UNS numbering); EN 10027-1 and -2 (steel names and numbers); JIS G 4051, G 4053, G 4303 and G 3101. Cross-reference tables of this kind are a guide only.
- Closest equivalents from AISI/SAE, ASTM/SAE UNS, EN 10027 and JIS designations as given in common cross-reference tables. Grades from different standards are never identical (limits on carbon, manganese, sulfur and residuals differ), so treat a match as "very similar", and check the specification before substituting. "About" marks a looser match.