Angles Converter
Convert between angle units. Exact factors, a quick reference table and worked examples.
180 ° = 3.141593 rad
The same value in every unit
| Unit | Symbol | Value |
|---|---|---|
| Degree | ° | 180 |
| Radian | rad | 3.141593 |
| Milliradian | mrad | 3 141.593 |
| Gradian | grad | 200 |
| Turn (revolution) | turn | 0.5 |
| Arcminute | ′ | 10 800 |
| Arcsecond | ″ | 648 000 |
How to convert angles units
Every angles unit is related to one base unit (Radian, rad) by an exact factor. To convert, multiply by the factor of the unit you start from and divide by the factor of the unit you want.
value in new unit = value × (factor of old unit ÷ factor of new unit)
For example, 1 ° = 0.01745329 rad and 1 rad = 1 rad, so 1 ° = 0.01745329 rad.
Quick reference table
How many of the units in the column headings make up one of the unit in each row.
| One… | = ° | = rad | = mrad | = grad | = turn | = ′ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 ° | 1 | 0.01745329 | 17.45329 | 1.111111 | 0.002777778 | 60 |
| 1 rad | 57.29578 | 1 | 1 000 | 63.66198 | 0.1591549 | 3 437.747 |
| 1 mrad | 0.05729578 | 0.001 | 1 | 0.06366198 | 0.0001591549 | 3.437747 |
| 1 grad | 0.9 | 0.01570796 | 15.70796 | 1 | 0.0025 | 54 |
| 1 turn | 360 | 6.283185 | 6 283.185 | 400 | 1 | 21 600 |
| 1 ′ | 0.01666667 | 0.0002908882 | 0.2908882 | 0.01851852 | 4.62963 × 10⁻⁵ | 1 |
| 1 ″ | 0.0002777778 | 4.84814 × 10⁻⁶ | 0.004848137 | 0.000308642 | 7.71605 × 10⁻⁷ | 0.01666667 |
Common values: ° to rad
| Degree (°) | Radian (rad) |
|---|---|
| 1 ° | 0.01745329 rad |
| 2 ° | 0.03490659 rad |
| 5 ° | 0.08726646 rad |
| 10 ° | 0.1745329 rad |
| 20 ° | 0.3490659 rad |
| 50 ° | 0.8726646 rad |
| 100 ° | 1.745329 rad |
| 200 ° | 3.490659 rad |
| 500 ° | 8.726646 rad |
| 1 000 ° | 17.45329 rad |
Worked examples
Convert 180 ° to rad
- 1 ° = 0.01745329 rad and 1 rad = 1 rad.
- 180 × 0.01745329 ÷ 1 = 3.141593 rad.
Convert 50 mrad to °
- 1 mrad = 0.001 rad and 1 ° = 0.01745329 rad.
- 50 × 0.001 ÷ 0.01745329 = 2.864789 °.
Convert 250 ″ to rad
- 1 ″ = 4.84814 × 10⁻⁶ rad and 1 rad = 1 rad.
- 250 × 4.84814 × 10⁻⁶ ÷ 1 = 0.001212034 rad.
The units explained
| Unit | Symbol | Exact factor | Where it is used |
|---|---|---|---|
| Degree | ° | 1 ° = 0.01745329 rad | Everyday use, drawings, machining |
| Radian | rad | 1 rad = 1 rad | Mathematics, physics, programming |
| Milliradian | mrad | 1 mrad = 0.001 rad | Optics, small tilts |
| Gradian | grad | 1 grad = 0.01570796 rad | Surveying |
| Turn (revolution) | turn | 1 turn = 6.283185 rad | Rotation counts, motors |
| Arcminute | ′ | 1 ′ = 0.0002908882 rad | Navigation, fine angles |
| Arcsecond | ″ | 1 ″ = 4.84814 × 10⁻⁶ rad | Astronomy, precision surveying |
Key facts
- π rad = 180°, so 1 rad ≈ 57.2958° and 1° ≈ 0.0174533 rad.
- Arc length s = r × θ, with θ in radians. Math functions in most languages use radians.
- A full turn is 360° = 2π rad = 400 gradians.
Related converters, guides and tools
- Other converters: Pressure converter, Density converter, Temperature converter, Flow Rate converter, Time converter, Stress converter, Strain converter, Velocity converter, Volume converter, Length converter, Mass converter, Force converter, Torque converter, Power converter, Energy converter.
- Guides: Industrial Robotics.
- Unit Conversions: every converter on one tabbed page that remembers the tabs you use.
- My Dashboard (members): put this converter on your own workspace as a widget beside the others.
FAQ
How many Radian units are in one Degree?
1 ° = 0.01745329 rad.
How do I convert ° to rad?
Multiply by 0.01745329 (the factor 0.01745329 ÷ 1). To go back, divide by 0.01745329 or multiply by 57.29578.
What is the degree (°) used for?
Everyday use, drawings, machining.
What is the radian (rad) used for?
Mathematics, physics, programming.
Are the conversion factors exact?
Where a unit is defined exactly (the inch is 25.4 mm, the pound is 0.45359237 kg, standard gravity is 9.80665 m/s²) the factor is exact; others are given to ten or more digits. Results are shown to seven significant digits.
References
- NIST Special Publication 811, Guide for the Use of the International System of Units (SI), and NIST Handbook 44, Appendix C (general tables of units of measurement).
- BIPM, The International System of Units (SI Brochure), 9th edition; ISO 80000 (quantities and units).
Last reviewed: November 2026.
